Centrifugal cooling device



Dec. 10, 1929.- J, KARMAZIN 1,739,314

CNTHIFUGAL COOLING DEVICE Filed Sept. 17, 1925 @Sheets-Sheet 1 5y I@Wa/14%# Dec. l0, 1929. J. KARMAZIN GENTRIFUGAL COOLING DEVICE ssheets-sheet 2 Filed Sept. 17. 1925 DCC- 10, l929- J. KARMAzlN CENRIFUGLCOOLING DEVICE 4 Filed Sept 17, 1925 5 Sheetsheet 3 .By Mf Patented Dec.10, 1929 UNITED STATES JOHN' KARMAZIN, OIE" DETROIT, MICHIGAN-CIEN'IIRIFU'GAL COOLING DEVICE Application filed September 17, 1925.Serial No. 56,799.

This invention relates to improvements in cooling devices for the Waterused in the jacket of an internal combustion engine.

The object of this invention is to increase to a maximum the actualcool-ing effect of the radiator While the actual exposed radiating areais considerably less than that of the ordinary radiators of the Wellknown grid type.

To this end there is provided a circular radiator in the form of a drumwhich is rotated at a fairly high rate of speed While the motor isrunning, thus greatly increasing the actual area of radiating surface,or, inV other Words, bringing the actual radiation surface in contactwith a greater' area of cool air. To illustrate, let it be assumed thatthe actual radiation surface of the drum is two square feet and it isrotated at 800 R. P. M., the total area of air brought in contact with2o the radiation surface of the drum is 1600 square feet per minute,since the air is changing ateach instant. This is a tremendous increaseof effective cooling area over the ordinary stationary radiator, theaverage radiation surface of which is about 50 square feet. In carryingIout the invention, provision is made to conduct the heated water fromthe Water jacket of the motor to the center of the` drum, from where itis forced out4 by the centrifugal forceV again st a circular Wall of thedrum the outer surface of which circular Wall is exposed to the air tocool said Wall, the

latter cooling the Water as it is brought in' contact therewith.

Another feature of the invention relates to means to assist in returningthe cooled water to the Water jacket. To this end the circular Wall ofthe radiator flares outwardly so that the Water, which is whirled aroundWith the drum is conducted along said wall by the centrifugal force, toa series of curved blades, the outer ends of which blades are arrangedin a corner of the drum toward which the Water is directed by saidcircular Wall. The Water, as it strikes said blades, which arestationary, is diverted thereby to the center of the drum and is forcedthrough a suitable conveyance to return it to the Water jacket.

Another feature of the invention relates to means to increase thecooling effect along the circular wall. To this end said wall isprovided on its outer surface with blades to agitate the air While thedrum is rotating. rIhe inner face of said wallis provided with a seriesof baie plates which agitate the water as it passes along said wall. Tostill further increase the cooling effect of said Wall, the blades andbaffle plates and also said wall may be composed of copper, brass orother suitable material having the property of rapidly conducting heat.

In the draWings,-

Fig. 1 is a side elevation disclosing an internal combustion engine andsufficient of an automobile to illustrate the application of theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical' section of the radiator, taken on the -line 2 2 ofFig. 3, and showing one form of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the radiator.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing another form of theinvention.

' The radiator is in the form of a drum 10 which may be located at oneend of an internal combustion engine or motor 11. The inven- 75 tion isherein illustrated as applied to the motor of an automobile including ahood 12 under which the motor is located; said motor being supported inthe usual way (not shown). The radiator or cooling drum 10 is supportedon a shaft 13 secured to a stand- .ard 14 on the motor casing 15. InFigures 1 to 3 inclusive, said shaft has a reduced end 16 which passesthrough the bracket 1,4 and has threaded thereon a nut 17 to drawashoulder 18 of said shaft tightly against the opposite side of thebracket 14 and thus secure said shaft 13 to said bracket.

The drum is arranged to rotate While the motor is running. To this endit may be provided with a pulley 19, integral with said drum, saidpulley being connected by a belt 2O to a driving pulley 21 secured tothe forward end of the crank shaft 22 of the motor.

The Water circuit for cooling the motor includes the usual Water jacketor chamber 23 which fits around the upper part of the cylinder casing24. Said Water jacket is provided at the top with a duct 25 throughwhich the Water may pass when in circulation m .to a fitting 28 securedto the forward end of the shaft 13'in a manner hereinafter described.The fitting 28 is provided with an inlet aperture 29 and an outletaperture 30 whichapertures are separated by a wall 31.

Saidapertures'register with two corresponding apertures 32 and 33respectively in the shaft 13. The'heated water passes through theapertures 29 and 32 into the radiator 10 where it is caused to followthe path hereinafter'described and indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2 forthe purpose of cooling it. The cooled water passes out of the radiator10 through an aperture 34 extending crosswise through the shaft 13 andcommunicating with the aperture 33, the latter registering with theaperture ofthe fitting 28. j

From the aperture 30 the Water passes through a pipe 35h, a pipe 35 andback to the water jacket 23 through a pipe section 35a which may, be acontinuation of the pipe 35 or be connected thereto in any convementmanner.

The radiator or drum 10 includes a circular rear or first wall 36 and afrusto-conical portion 37', the ,base of which is secured to v said rearwall by bolts 38 and nuts 39. Bart of the frusto-conical portion 37forms the front or` second wall 40 of the radiator and has a circular orannular side wall 40a extending outwardly and rearwardly therefrom totherear wall 36. The' drum further includes a vhub 41 formed on thefront wall 4() l which hub engages the shaft 13 to form a bearing'forone end ofsaid drum. The pulley 19, integral with the rear wall36,-forms a bearing for the other end of the drum.

To prevent leakage of water from the bearing of the drum, stufiing boxes42 and A43 are provided. The stufiing bdx 42 may include a cap 42,threaded over the hub 41 by which packing'material 44 may be forcedagainstv the shaft 13. The stuffing box 43 may in- The disc 47 issecuredto stationary shaft 13 andits outer edge is located rather vclose to thewall 40 and consequently the Water passes v out beyond the edge of saiddisc in a comparatively thin film and is partially cooled. The outeredge of the disc 47 is also located near the bottom of the inclined wall40aL and as the water passes the edge of the disc 47 it is forced alongsaid. inclined wall by centrifugal force, and is cooled in passing alongsaid wall since said wall is exposed to the air and moves through it athigh spee`d,.the radiator| making about 800 R. P. M. To increase thecooling effect of the radiator, the wall 40x11 is provided on its outerface with blades 48extending outwardly therefrom and across theA planein which the .radiator rotates, said blades being effective to agitatethe air. The f inner face of the wall 40a is provided with a series ofannular inwardly 'extending ribs 49 for a similar reason to agitate thewater in its passage along the wall 40a. Said ribs or baffle-plates aresecured to the wall 40a and form pockets 50 which catch the water` andthe Water in its passage along said wall spills over the edge .of eachbafiie-plate into the next pocket. To further increase the coolingeffect of the radiator, the wall 40a, blades 48 and the bafiie-plates 49may be-made of copper, brass, or any other kind of metal which is arapid conductor. The drum is vertically disposed with its front wall 40exposed to the rush of air caused by the running of the automobile.Accordingly, the temperature of the water is also lowered while passingalong the wall 40 from the aperture 32. The said front wall 40 may alsobe composedof copper or brass. The water, in its passage along the wall40, is forced into the klouter corner 51 of ,f

the drum, which corner is formed by the rear wall 36 and the inclinedwall 40a. The water is cooled by the time it reachesthis corner and yisthen conducted towards the center of the drum to the outlet-aperture 33to return it to the water jacket.

To conduct the cooled water -to the center of the drum, there isprovided means including a plurality of curved blades 52, secured to adisc 53, which disc forms with the rear wall 36 a chamber in which saidblades 52 are located. The disc 53 is stationary and may be secured inplace by a hub 54 which screws on to-shaft 13 and against a shoulder 55thereof.v The outer extremities of the blades 52 are located in theycorner 51 so that as the water is whirled around in said corner by therotation of said drum, it is caught by said blades and forced inwardlyalong them to thecenter of the drum. The blades may be curved for thispurpose. The inner ends of said blades 52 terminate at the aperture 34rthrough which the water is forced out into apertures 33 and 30 to passback to the water jacket, as previously described. lt will be understoodthat the blades 52, since they conduct the water to the center of thedrum, constitute part of a means for circulating the water through thecircuit, and may be used in lieu of the customary 4circulating pump.

A pump 56, herein illustrated of the centrifugal type, may however beconnected, if desired, in the water circuit, in which case the intake ofsaid pump may be connected to the pipe section 35, the outlet of thepump being connected to the pipe section 35a, said .pump being driven bythe engine 11 through of the engine.

The fitting 28 may be counterbored at 58 to fit over the end of theshaft 13 to assist in locatingsaid fitting on said shaft. The fitting issecured to the shaft by a bolt 59, one end 0f which is threaded into anenlarged end 60 of. a dividing Wall 61 between the apertures 32 and 33of the shaft 13. The fitting is provided with a hole 62 so that it maybe slipped over the bolt and a nut 63 holds the vfitting 28 tightlyagainst the end of said shaft. The fitting 28 may be provided withtapered. ends 64 and 65 so the pipe sections 27 and 35", which may be ofrubber, may readily be slipped over said ends to connect said sectionswith the fitting.

As previously stated, the shaft 13 is supported in the bracket 14. Itmay also be supported at its forward end by a strap or bracket 66 whichmay be secured in any suitable manner to the frame of the ca r, andreceives the bolt 59, the bolt being secured to said bracket 66 by nuts67 and-68.

In th form of the invention vshown in Fig. 4, theparts similar to thoseof Fig. 2 bear the same reference numerals with a super- 'script fz andlike parts bear the same reference numerals. The radiator 101 includesthe rear wall 36 and an inverted saucer-shaped member composed of thefront wall 401 and a concaved portion 4011 secured to said front wallinfany suitable manner, and extends over the rear Wall 36 where it isfastened to said wall. The bearing 421 is similar to the bearing 42'ofFig. 2 and includes the cap 42 threaded on the hub 411 to press thepacking 44 against the shaft. The bearing 431 also includes a cap 451threaded on a hub 69 on the pulley "491, and packing 46.v Both bearings421 and 431 may be provided with bushings 70 and 71 respectively whichmay be of bronze or any other suitablematerial to withstand the Wearofsaid bearing.

The water passage through the drum 101 is substantially like that ofFig. 2 but the arrangements of the inlet 321 and the outlet 33z aresomewhat different.' The inlet 321 is located at the front end of theshaft 131. The outlet 331 is located at the other end of the shaft whichend is connected through an elbow 7 2, nipple 7 3, elbow 74 and pipesections .web 76 spanning the aperture or'inl'et 321.

The fitting 281 is held in place against the end of the shaft131 by anut 67 threaded on the bolt 59. Y

The shaft 131 may be held in place on the bracket 141 which isbifurcated at 77 to form a split socket 78 to embrace the shaft 131 andwhich socket m'ay be tightened by a bolt 79 to clamp said shaft inplace.

The automobile may he provided at the front with a screen 80 which maybe secured in any suitable manner, and forms a perforated closurethrough which the air may pass to the radiator 10.

The T-fitting 26 is provided with the usual removable cap 81 for thepurpose of replenishing the water circuit. The usual overiow pipe 82 isalso provided, which extends from the interior of the T-fitting 26 downbehind the screen 80.

The device may be operated either with or without a circulating pump ofthe usual type and i'n most instances, a pump such as illustrated. at 56will not be necessary as the rotation of the radiator will force thewater' along the blade 52, with equal or greater usedv in lieu of thosevillustrated without departing from the spirit of the invention, .or thescope of the claims.

I claim;

1. In a radiator, the combination of a drum, said drum including a firstwall, a second wall andan inclined portion on the second wall extendingto and connected with the first wall, a shaft extending through thecenter of said drum to support it, means by whichthe drum is rotatedabout said shaft, said shaft having two apertures in communication withthe interior of the drum, a pipe connection having two openingstherethrough, one of said openings associated with one of the aperturesin said shaft to conductwater to the interior of said drum, a discarranged close to the second wall'to conduct the incoming water to theouter edge of said second wall, whence the water is forced along theinclined portion by the centrifugal force to the first Wall, astationary disc inside of said drum and located close to the first wall,said vdisc being secured to said shaft and being of a diameter largeenough to extend close to said inclined portion, blades on said discextending from its periphery substantially to the center of the` drum,said blades being effective to deviate the water to the center of the insaid shaft through the other opening in said pipe connection, means onthe outer surface of the inclined portion to agitate the `drum andforce-it through the other aperture air, and means on the inner surfaceof said "to ,rotate the drum on its support, said support havingapertures in communication ywith the interior of the drum, through oneof which Water may be conducted to the `interior of the drum, means toguide the water along the second Wall and towards its louter edge,intermediate means to conduct the water from the outer edge of thesecond wall to the outer edge of the first wall and to agitate the waterWhile being so conducted, and non-rotatable means extendingalong thefirst wall to divert the water from its outer ,edge to the center of thedrum and to the other aperture in said support.

3. In a radiator, the combination of a drum, said drum including a firstend wall and a second end wall, a support for said drum extendingthrough its center, means to rotate the drum on its support, saidsupport having apertures in communicat-ion with the interior of thedrum, through one of which water may be conducted to the interior of thedrum, means to guidethe water along the second wall and towards itsouter edge, intermediate means to conduct the water from the outer edgeof the second wall to the outer edge of the first wall, means extendingalong the first'y wall. to divert the Water from its outer edge to thecenter of the drum and to the other aperture in said support, saidintermediate means including a wall, serving to cool the water, bladeson the outer face of the last named Wall to agitate the air, and openplate-like members eX- Wally to the first end wall by forcing it to passover said plate-like members against the centrifugal force.

4. A radiator for cooling water including in combination a drum, meansto rotate said drum, said drum having a circular outwardly iiaringcooling Wall at its periphery which makes the drum of larger diameter atone end than at the other, means to conductthe Water into the drum andto the part of the cooling wall of Ysmallest diameter, the water beingforced along the cooling wall by centrifugal force and non-rotatablemeans to v catch the water at the end of the cooling wall of largestdiameter and to conduct it along the 4wall and out of the radiator.

5. In a radiator, the combination of a Water-cooling chamber having acooling Wall,

circulate 'the Water through said chamber,"

meansto agitate the Water over said cooling Wall and means to` conductthe cooled water from said cooling chamber back to the source,comprising a series of curved blades forcing the water to the center ofthe radiator.

6. In a Water-cooling device, the combination of a drum having coolingsurfaces, means to-rotate said drum to cool the water, means to conductthe hot water into said drum, means to force a thin sheet of water over.one cooling surface, means to .agitate the water over another coolingsurface and means to 'draw the Water to the center of the radiator overa third cooling surface, and means to conduct the cooled water out ofsaid drum While the latter is rotating, said means including a shaft forsaid drum upon Which it may be rotated, said shaft having an inletaperture for the hot Water and an outlet aperture for the cooled water.

7. In a water-cooling device for the water of the water jacket of aninternal combustion engine of an automobile, the combination of avertically disposed drum arranged in front of saidengine, a horizontalshaft to support said drum, means connected to the engine to rotate saiddrum, said shaft having aninlet connection from the water jacket to theinterior of said drum, an outlet connection to conduct the water fromthe drum to the water jacket, said drum including a rear wall, a sidewall and a front wall, the latter being disposed at right angles to thedirectionvof travel of the automobile so as to be struck by the rush ofair while the car is running,

means located inside of said drum to conduct the incoming water alongsaid front wall'to be cooled thereby, means to agitate the water oversaid side wall and means to conduct the cooled Water to said outletcomprising a series of curved stationary blades.

8. A radiator for cooling water including in combination a drum, meansto rotate said drum, said drum having two faces of unequal diameter andan inclined Wall at its periphery connecting said faces, means toconduct water into the drum at substantially the center thereof, and tothe face of smaller diameter, a flexible disc adjacent said face ofsmaller diameter, the water being forced outwardly by centrifugal forcealong the smaller face in a thin sheet and alongthe inclined wall bycentrifugal force also, and

means to catch the water atthe edge of the face of larger diameter andto conduct it in contact with the rear wall to the center of the drumand discharge it.

In testimony whereof'I 'have afliXed my signature to this specification.JCHN KARMAZIN.

